The lens ... where, why, why?

Let's devote a few words to a specific device which is one of, and according to many the most important, component of the entire camera, because what would it be without a lens; because we are talking about him, he was at all ...?

Very good optics can last for many years and, in principle, never even get old, just like the bodies of digital cameras, which, in fact, filled with electronics, do not suffer any major faults, being a computerized image carrier. This is not only responsible for the optics, but also, and perhaps even above all, the source of light for the images you capture. So there is a dilemma, optics at the expense of a cheaper body, or maybe just the opposite?

Certainly, poor quality optics is often the cause of unsatisfactory results from our digital cameras and most probably no fancy equipment will correct the defects of poor quality optics, but the opposite is sometimes possible. Naturally, the best solution is simply to have both components at a high level of quality.

To refine the lens itself, the lens itself is a structure consisting of many lenses positioned at the appropriate distance from each other, while some of them are only intended to correct others in a single system that commensurately forms the lens. In a word, the whole thing must be selected so that the optical system is as perfect as possible.

Where do the defects causing distortions come from?

One of the most common defects is quite complicated chromatic (color) aberration. It is a feature of the optical system resulting from different focus distances for different wavelengths of light. In this case, there is a diffusion of light, which is visible in the so-called borders of the contrasting areas in the shape of a colored border. The way the light is refracted here depends on the wavelength. The focal point is different for different wavelengths, i.e. for different colors. Colors appear blurry when different wavelengths have different focal points.

Selected types of lenses

The wide-angle lens is the first type of lens capable of presenting a vision wider than the human eye. Perfect for natural conditions when working in the field, capturing landscapes. For this type of action, the so-called "Fisheye" or bending straight lines, creating distorted perspectives at the same time.

The wide-angle lenses also include rectilinear lenses, mapping straight lines as straight.

The greatest potential of the presented types can be drawn by far when taking panoramic photos outdoors. The focal lengths of such wide-angle lenses range from 4.5-35mm in length.

Another noteworthy type is the telephoto zoom lens, which, despite the limited viewing angle compared to the human eye, is adapted to shooting portraits as well as general outdoor photography. This type is perfect for long-distance perspectives, allowing for an accurate image that reflects the natural or enlarged image of the photographed object, depending on individual preferences. To get good quality when using this kind of equipment for very distant subjects, it is recommended to use a focal length of 500-600mm.